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In the April edition of our Employment Law & HR update, we have published a selection of news, insights and case studies on topics including:
  • New changes to the Employment Rights Bill;
  • Supreme Court rules on definitions of ‘Woman’ and ‘Man’ within the Equality Act;
  • A guide to electing employee representatives for consultation;
  • Employment Appeal Tribunal clarifies two-stage test for assessing ‘childcare disparity’;
  • Employment Appeal Tribunal overturns excessive award in discrimination case; and
  • Unfair dismissal for second job while off sick highlights need for fair process.
If you require further information on anything included in this update or any employment issue you may be facing, please do not hesitate to contact the Employment team on 01332 867 766 or by replying to this email.
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INSIGHT
EMPLOYMENT RIGHTS BILL UPDATES 

The Employment Rights Bill has undergone several important changes following government consultations, with the latest updates now being considered by the House of Lords. Employers should be aware of the evolving landscape and how it may affect their workforce practices.

Key developments include an increased collective consultation protective award, reforms to statutory sick pay, new rules for zero-hour contracts, and the creation of a Fair Work Agency with enforcement powers. There are also proposed changes to maternity protections and time limits for bringing Employment Tribunal claims.

With significant implications for HR, payroll, and compliance teams, now is the time to get prepared.

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INSIGHT
RULING ON DEFINITIONS OF ‘WOMAN’ AND ‘MAN’ WITHIN THE EQUALITY ACT

The Supreme Court has handed down its decision in the case of For Women Scotland v The Scottish Ministers, confirming that the terms ‘woman’ and ‘man’ in the Equality Act 2010 refer to biological sex. This decision could have important consequences for employers, particularly in areas involving single-sex spaces, diversity policies, and colleague interactions.

While the case itself was not directly related to employment law, the ruling clarifies how the legal definitions apply in practice. It also confirms that the protected characteristic of gender reassignment remains unchanged, and individuals are still protected from discrimination regardless of whether they have a Gender Recognition Certificate.

With potential implications for workplace policies, social media use, and managing conflicting beliefs among staff, this is an area employers should be aware of.

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INSIGHT
ELECTING EMPLOYEE REPS: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW 

If you're planning collective redundancies or a business transfer, it's essential to understand when and how to elect employee representatives. Recent changes to TUPE legislation may also affect your obligations, especially if you're a smaller employer.

This quick guide outlines the key steps, including when elections are required, how to run them, how many representatives you need, and what to do if no one volunteers. It also covers legal protections for representatives and your duties as an employer.

Whether you're navigating redundancy consultation or a TUPE process, getting this right is crucial.

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CASE STUDY
EAT RULES ON CHILDCARE DISPARITY TEST

The Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) has clarified how Employment Tribunals should approach the two-stage test in indirect sex discrimination cases involving childcare responsibilities. While acknowledging the well-established “childcare disparity” that often places women at a disadvantage, the EAT emphasised that tribunals must still assess the actual impact of the policy in question.

In Perkins v Marston’s Holdings Ltd, the Employment Tribunal initially ruled in favour of the claimant, finding that a new travel requirement indirectly discriminated against women. However, the EAT overturned this decision, stating that the Employment Tribunal failed to properly evaluate evidence showing how the policy affected the wider workforce.

This case highlights the need for employers to carefully assess and justify workplace changes, especially where they may affect employees with caring responsibilities.

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CASE STUDY
INJURY TO FEELINGS AWARD REDUCED BY EAT 

The Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) has overturned a £10,000 injury to feelings award in a pregnancy/maternity discrimination case, ruling it was manifestly excessive given the limited evidence of harm.

The case centred on a grievance email that was blocked by the employer’s firewall. Although the original Employment Tribunal found this was an act of discrimination, the EAT concluded that the impact was not significant enough to justify a middle Vento band award.

This ruling highlights the importance of properly investigating grievances—especially where IT issues may have interfered—and ensuring responses aren’t delayed or dismissed.

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CASE STUDY
POSTMAN UNFAIRLY DISMISSED FOR WORKING SECOND JOB WHILE OFF SICK

An Employment Tribunal has ruled that Royal Mail unfairly dismissed a postman who was signed off sick with a hip injury but continued working as a taxi driver. Although the employer believed this amounted to dishonesty, the Employment Tribunal found that key facts had been overlooked.

The dismissal process was flawed, particularly as the same manager who reported seeing the employee working also led the investigation. The Employment Tribunal also highlighted that being unfit for one role doesn't automatically mean being unfit for all work.

This case, alongside earlier decisions, underlines the need for employers to investigate thoroughly, avoid assumptions, and seek occupational health input before acting.

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